Mirror – Image Formation

Topic: Mirror – Image Formation

Subtopics:

• Properties of light
• Plane mirrors
• Reflection of light

Learning Objectives: Pupils should be able to:
i. Identify characteristics of light
ii. Describe types of mirrors
iii. Demonstrate reflection using shiny surfaces
iv. Explain applications of reflection

Class Content

Meaning of Reflection of Light

Reflection of light is the bouncing back of light rays when they hit a shiny or smooth surface, such as a mirror or still water. Without reflection, we would not be able to see ourselves in a mirror or see light shining off shiny objects.

Properties of Light

1. Light travels in a straight line.
2. Light can be reflected.
3. Light can be refracted (bent when it passes through water or glass).
4. Light can be absorbed by dark objects.

Types of Mirrors

1. Plane mirror: Flat mirror that produces an upright image.
2. Concave mirror: Curved inward; can focus light and magnify images.
3. Convex mirror: Curved outward; makes objects appear smaller but shows a wider view.

How Reflection Works

1. The light ray that hits a mirror is called the incident ray.
2. The light ray that bounces back is called the reflected ray.
3. The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.

Uses of Reflection and Mirrors

• We use it to look at ourselves in a mirror.
• It us used in periscopes for seeing over walls.
• It it used in vehicles for safety (side mirrors, rear-view mirrors).
• Its used in solar cookers to concentrate sunlight.

Diagram:
(Include diagram showing incident ray, reflected ray, normal line, and angles.)

Board Summary:

1. Reflection is the bouncing of light from shiny surfaces.
2. Light travels in a straight line and can be reflected, refracted, or absorbed.
3. Types of mirrors: plane, concave, convex.
4. Angle of incidence equals angle of reflection.
5. Uses: personal grooming, safety, scientific instruments.

Class Exercise:

1. Define reflection of light.
2. State two properties of light.
3. Name the three types of mirrors.
4. Mention one use of each type of mirror.
5. Draw a simple diagram of light reflection on a plane mirror.

MCQ Assignment:

1. Which type of mirror is flat? a) Convex b) Concave c) Plane d) Bent
2. Reflection happens when light… a) Disappears b) Bounces off a surface c) Changes colour d) Travels in curves
3. The ray that hits the mirror is called… a) Reflected ray b) Incident ray c) Light ray d) Shadow ray
4. Angle of incidence equals… a) Angle of refraction b) Angle of reflection c) Angle of direction d) Angle of colour
5. A convex mirror shows… a) Larger image b) Smaller image c) Coloured image d) Invisible image